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英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结

发布时间:2021-10-19 12:33:52

英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结 本文关键词:高考,英语,动词,归纳,短语

英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结 本文简介:英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结(一)?look的常用短语:lookup…in查找looksb.upanddown上下打量lookbackto/upon回顾lookupon…as把……看作lookforwardto期待lookthrough浏览;看穿takeanewlook呈现新面貌?fear的常用

英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结 本文内容:

英语高考常见动词短语积累归纳总结(一)

?

look

的常用短语:

look

up

in

查找

look

sb.

up

and

down

上下打量

look

back

to/

upon

回顾

look

upon

as

把……看作

look

forward

to

期待

look

through

浏览;

看穿

take

a

new

look

呈现新面貌

?

fear

的常用短语:

in

fear

害怕地

(be)

in

fear

of

害怕

for

fear

of/

that

担心;生怕

?

concentrate

的常用短语:

concentrate

on

专心……

concentrate

one

s

mind

on

专心于……

类似的短语:

fix

one

s

mind

upon

focus

on

put

one

s

heart

into

focus

one

s

mind

on

?

surprise

常用短语:

in

surprise

惊讶地

to

one

s

surprise

使某人惊讶的是

be

surprise

at/to

do/that

对某事感到惊讶

?

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1.表示动作的有:

pull

on

put

on

dress

dress

sb

2.

表示状态的有:

wear

be

in

be

dressed

in

have

on

?

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like

care

for

be

keen

on

be

fond

of

take

delight

in

?

trouble

的常用短语:

have

much

trouble

/

no

trouble

(in)

doing

在……有/没有困难

take

great

trouble

to

do

不辞辛劳做某事

put

sb

to

the

trouble

of

doing

为难某人做某事

make

trouble捣乱

be

in

(great)

trouble

惹麻烦;处在困境中

help

sb.

out

of

trouble

帮某人摆脱困境

?

end

的常用短语:

come

to

an

end

……结束

put

an

end

to

结束……

on

end

竖起,连续

in

the

end

终于;

最后

end

up

(by)

doing

以……结束

make

both

ends

meet

收支相抵

?

表示“导致”、“由……引起”的短语:

1.

导致

cause

sth.

(to

do)

result

in

lead

to

2.

由……引起

be

caused

by

result

from

grow

out

of

lie

in

?

表“全力以赴”的短语:

do

/

try

one

s

best

spare

no

efforts

to

do

take

great

pains

to

do

go

all

out

to

do

do

what

somebody

can

(do)

to

do

do

all

somebody

can

(do)

to

do

?

direction常用短语:

in

(the

)

direction

of

朝……方向

under

the

direction

of

在……的指导下

follow

the

directions照说明去做

?

far

常用短语:

far

from

(being)

离……要求相差很远

far

from

+

(a

place)

距离某地很远

far

away

遥远

so

far

到目前为止;

那么远

as

far

as

sb.

knows/sees

据某人所知

by

far

(最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

?

distance

常用短语:

in

the

distance

在远处

from/

at

a

distance

从远处

keep

sb.

at

a

distance

于某人保持一定距离

It

is

no

distance

at

all.

不远。

?

use

常用短语:

used

to

do

过去曾经、常做

be

used

to

doing

习惯于……

be

used

to

do

被用来做……

make

good/

full

use

of

充分利用……

come

into

use

开始使用……

it

is

no

use

doing

干……没有用

?“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What

s

wrong

with

…?

What

s

the

matter

with

…?

What

s

the

trouble

with

…?

What

happened

(to

sb.)?

?

“众所周知”常用表达法:

It

is

known

to

all

that

主语从句,that

不能省

As

is

known

to

all

定语从句,置于句首

We

all

know

(that)

后接宾语从句

Everyone

knows

(that)

后接宾语从句,which

is

known

to

all

非限定从句,置于句末

?

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语:

agree

with

sb.

/what

sb.

said

agree

to

sth.

approve

(of)

sth.

in

favour

of

sth.

be

agreeable

to

sth.

be

for

sth.

“不同意”

disagree

with

sb./

what

sb.

said

object

to

sth.

disapprove

(of)

sth.

be

against

sth.

?

sign

的常用短语:

sign

one

s

name

签名

sign

to

sb

(not)

to

do

sth.

示意某人(不)做某事

signs

of

……的迹象

?

would

rather

prefer

的区别

1.宁愿做……而不做……

would

rather

do

A

than

do

B

prefer

A

to

B

prefer

to

do

A

rather

than

do

B

2.

would

rather

主语

+

过去式,表示“宁愿”

eg.

I

would

rather

you

came

tomorrow

than

today.

should

prefer

sb.

to

do

sth./

should

prefer

主语

+

过去式,表示“比较喜欢……”

eg.

I

should

prefer

you

not

to

go

there

alone.

OR:

I

should

prefer

that

you

did

not

go

there

alone.

?

trap

常用短语

be

caught

in

a

trap

落入圈套

be

led

into

a

trap

中圈套

set

a

trap

to

do

sth.

设圈套……

be

trapped

in

sth.

被……所围困

?

grow

常用短语

in

the

grow

of

在……成长中

grow

up

长大;

成长

grow

rich

on

靠……变富

grow

into

长成……

grow

out

of

由……引起/滋生出

?

make

常用短语

be

made

up

of

=

consist

of

由……组成

make

up

for

弥补

be

made

from/

of

由……造成

make

up

编造;

组成;

化妆

be

made

into

制成……

make

fun

of

取笑;

嘲弄

make

a

living

谋生

supply,provide,offer

的区别:

1.表示“向某人提供某物”

supply

/

provide

sb.

with

sth.

supply

/

provide

sth.

for

sb.

supply

sth.

to

sb.

offer

sb.

sth.

2.

表示“主动提出做某事”

offer

to

do

sth.

3.

表示“倘使”、“假如”

provided

/

providing

that

=

on

condition

that

=

only

if

4.

表示“满足需要”supply

/

meet

a

need.

?

supply

的常用短语

in

short

supply

缺乏,不足

medical/military

supply

医疗/军用品

supplies

of

许多……

?

lack

的常用短语

be

lacking

in

sth.

在……不足

make

up

for

the

lack

of

弥补……的不足

for/

by/

from/

through

lack

of

由于……不足,缺乏

have

no

lack

of

不缺

?

damage

的常用短语

do

damage/

harm

to

对……有害

cause

damage

to

对……造成损害

ask

for

damage

要求赔偿

?

die

常用短语

die

for

one

s

country

为国捐躯

die

down

熄灭、平息

die

off

绝种、枯死

die

away

消逝、静下来

die

a

heroic

death

英勇牺牲

die

of

die

from

的区别

die

of

表示“死于……病”或冻死、气死,或死于过度悲伤。

die

of

cancer/

grief/

hunger/

anger/

cold

die

from

表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如:

die

from

polluted

air/

overwork/

sword

thrust

?

threaten

常用短语

threaten

sb.

with

sth.

用……威胁某人

threaten

to

do

威胁做……

under

the

threat

of

在……的威胁下

?

speed

常用短语

speed

up加速

at

the

speed

of

以……的速度

with

great

speed

迅速

?

aim

常用短语

take

aim

at

瞄准

reach

an

aim

达到目的

aim

at

瞄准、针对

permit

allow

的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

permit/

allow

doing

sth.

permit/

allow

sb.

to

do

sth.

permit

/

allow

of

sth

一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”,多用

permit

Time/

Weather

permitting,I

ll

drop

in

on

her.

allow

还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如:

1.

We

allow

him

to

be

wronged.

2.

will

take

an

hour

to

go

there,allowing

for

traffic

delays.

?

means

常用短语

by

means

of

通过……,靠……

by

this

means/

in

this

way

用这种方法

by

no

means/

in

no

case

决不

by

all

means

用一切办法

?

keep

常用短语

keep

up

with

紧跟

……

keep

sb.

doing

sth.

让某人一直做

keep

sb.

from

doing

sth.

阻止……做……

keep

off

the

grass

勿踏草地

keep

to

the

point

紧扣主题

keep

in

touch

with

与……保持联系

?

mark

常用短语

make

one

s

mark

成功、出名

be

marked

with

标明

gain/

get

full

marks

for

……得满分

?

seat

常用短语

take

one

s

seat

坐下

have

a

seat

请坐

see/

find

sb.

seated

看见/发现某人坐在……

be

seated

就座,坐着

seat

oneself

in/

at/

on

使自己坐在……

部分

动词

+

to

+

doing

的用法

look

forward

to

get

down

to

object

to

devote

to

pay

attention

to

prefer

to

?

give

常用短语

give

up

放弃

give

in

让步/屈服

give

off

散发出

give

away

赠送、泄漏

give

rise

to

引起……

give

out

疲劳,用完,散发出

?

fit

常用短语

be

fit

for

适合

keep

fit/keep

healthy

保持健康

be

fit

to

do

适合于……

fit

in

with

适应……

a

nice

fit

合身的衣服

fit

sb.

某人穿……,合身

?

reach

常用短语

reach

an

agreement

达成协议

reach

for

伸手去拿/够……

within

/

out

of

reach

够得到/够不着

reach

sb

s

understanding

使某人明白

?

feed

常用短语

feed

sth.

to

sb/

feed

sb.

on

sth.

用……喂养……

be

fed

up

of…/

be

tired

of

…/

be

bored

with

对……感到厌倦

feed

on

以……为食

?

mercy

常用短语

without

mercy

残忍地

have

mercy

on/

upon

对……表示怜悯

at

the

mercy

of

任凭摆布

beg

for

mercy

乞求饶恕

?

exist

常用短语

exist

in/

lie

in/

consist

in

存在于……

in

existence

现存的

come

into

existence/

come

into

being

形成

?

opinion

常用短语

in

one

s

opinion

=

in

the

opinion

of

sb.

在某人看来

have

a

high/

low

opinion

of

对……评价高/低

give

one

s

opinion

on

对……谈自己的看法

?

persuade

常用短语

persuade

sb.

to

do

=

persuade

sb.

into

doing

说服某人做某事

try

to

persuade

sb.

to

do

试图说服某人做某事

persuade

sb.

to

sth.

说服某人同意某事

?

engage

常用短语

be

engaged

to

sb.

与某人订婚

be

engaged

in

sth.

=

be

engaged

doing

sth.

忙于……,从事某事

wide

broad

的区别

它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a

river

50

feet

wide/

broad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用

broad,表示

“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用

wide。

broad

shoulders/

back

with

wide

eyes

open

one

s

mouth

wide

wide

还可以作副词,表示“完全、大大地”

be

wide

awake

be

wide

open

?

sure

常用短语

be

sure

of/

about

对……由把握

be

sure

to

do

sth.

肯定会……

make

sure

+

that-clause

务必……,一定要……

make

sure

of

弄清楚……

?

experience

常用短语

have

experience

in

在……有经验

be

experienced

in

在……有经验

?

pain

常用短语

take

great

pains

to

do

努力做某事

spare

no

pains

to

do

全力以赴做某事

?

stick

常用短语

stick

to

sth.

坚持……

stick

on

粘贴……

be

stuck

in

陷进……

stick

no

bills

请勿张贴

?

spare

常用短语

spare

money/

time

for

省出钱……,腾出时间

in

one

s

spare

time

在某人业余时间

spare

no

efforts

to

do

不遗余力去做

don

t

spare

the

opinions

不要保留意见

?

put

down

的不同含义

put

down

(one

s

knife

and

fork)

放下……

pit

down

the

rebellion

镇压

put

down

what

sb.

says

记下,写下

?

take

up

的不同含义

take

up

a

hobby

培养……

take

up

football

开始……

take

up

the

work

继续……

take

up

time/

space

消耗,占据……

take

up

a

post

就职

take

up

a

song/

cry

跟着一起……

?

habit

常用短语

form/

get

the

habit

of

养成……习惯

be

in/

have

the

habit

of

有……习惯

get

into

the

habit

of

沾染了……恶习

get

rid

of

the

habit

=

grow

out

of

the

habit

=

break

away

from

the

habit

改掉了……习惯

篇2:英语过去式及不规则动词总结

英语过去式及不规则动词总结 本文关键词:英语,动词,不规则,过去式

英语过去式及不规则动词总结 本文简介:编辑本段简介:英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。编辑本段定义:英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词(IrregularVerbs)。现代英语

英语过去式及不规则动词总结 本文内容:

编辑本段

简介:

英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加-ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。

编辑本段

定义:

英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词(Irregular

Verbs)。

现代英语新生成的动词都归入“-ed”的规则变化,例如:

park→parked

(停车--1864)

fax→faxed

(以传真传送--1979)

e-mail→e-mailed

(以电脑网络传送--1982)

(所附年次为最早用例出现年次--O.E.D.)

因此,不规则动词可以说都是古英语动词的不规则变化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者,所以我们今天在学习英语时绝对无法,也不可能规避这些不规则动词。

从英语的演变来看,不规则动词就是强势动词(Strong

Verbs)--即其词形变化全依其本身之语音(尤其是元音)变化来进行而不借助词尾的变化。例如:

原形:

buy

sing

speak

过去式:

bought

sang

spoke

过去分词:

bought

sung

spoken

我们学习不规则动词的时候,最有效的方法就是要针对这种词形变化的现象,了解其变化的型式,发出声音背念,使其能自然地隔入我们的speaking和writing,这样才能说确实地把不规则动词学会了。

注:与强势动词相对,须借助“-ed”之词尾来进行词形变化的规则动词就叫做弱势动词(Weak

Verbs)。

编辑本段

不规则动词表

1)A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形,保持不变,除进行式外)

词例:

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

cost

cost

cost

花费

cut

cut

cut

割,切

hit

hit

hit

put

put

put

放下

read

#

read

read

hurt

hurt

hurt

受伤

let

let

let

#

“Read”

的“过去式”和“过去分词”的读音和动词原型的不同。

2)

A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)

词例:

动词原型

过去式

过去分词

意思

beat

beat

beaten

3)

A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)

词例:

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

come

came

come

来到

become

became

become

run

ran

run

overcome

overcame

overcome

征服,打败

4)A---B---B型(过去式与过去分词同形)

分为以下情形:

在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t。

词例:

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

burn

burnt

burnt

燃烧

learn

learned

/

learnt

learned

/

learnt

学习

mean

meant

meant

含义是

hear

heard

heard

听见

把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”。

词例:

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

build

built

built

建筑

lend

lent

lent

send

sent

sent

传送

spend

spent

spent

花费

其他不规则的各种变化。

词例:

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

pay

paid

paid

付钱

lay

laid

laid

下蛋

say

said

said

bring

brought

brought

带来

buy

bought

bought

fight

fought

fought

战斗

think

thought

thought

思考

sleep

slept

slept

睡觉

feel

felt

felt

觉得

keep

kept

kept

保持

sweep

swept

swept

stand

stood

stood

understand

understood

understood

理解

win

won

won

胜利

catch

caught

caught

抓住

teach

taught

taught

find

found

found

发现

get

got

got

得到

hold

held

held

leave

left

left

离开

make

made

made

制造

meet

met

met

遇见

shoot

shot

shot

射击

dig

dug

dug

smell

smelt

/

smelled

smelt

/

smelled

嗅,闻

shine

shone

/

shined

shone

/

shined

发光

sit

sat

sat

坐下

have

had

had

5)A---B---C型(三词不同形)

分为以下情形:

在动词原形后加-n或-en

构成过去分词

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

落下

give

gave

given

take

took

taken

拿,记录,拍摄

see

saw

seen

看见

write

wrote

written

ride

rode

ridden

drive

drove

driven

驾驶

throw

threw

thrown

抛,扔

blow

blew

blown

grow

grew

grown

生长

know

knew

known

知道

show

showed

shown

展示

draw

drew

drawn

拉,绘画,抽签

过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

speak

spoke

spoken

说话

break

broke

broken

破碎

choose

chose

chosen

选择

forget

forgot

forgotten

忘记

freeze

froze

frozen

凝固

把单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”变成“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

begin

began

begun

开始

ring

rang

rung

按铃

sing

sang

sung

sink

sank

sunk

swim

swam

swum

游泳

drink

drank

drunk

其他不规则动词的变化。

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

意思

be

(am,is)

was

been

be

(are)

were

been

do

did

done

go

went

gone

lie

lay

lain

wear

wore

worn

穿

英语不规则动词的记忆方法:原形、过去式、过去分词相同;原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同;

(1)原形、过去式、过去分词相同:

cast/

cost/

cut/

hit/

hurt/

let/

put/

broadcast/

burst/

read/

red/

set/

shut/

spread/

thrust/

upset

(2)原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:

beat/

beat/

beaten

(3)原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同:

come/

came/

come

become/

became/

become

run/

ran/

run

overcome/

overcame/

overcome

(4)原形不同,过去式,过去分词相同:

feel/

felt/

felt

sleep/

slept/

slept

leave/

left/

left

smell/

smelt/

smelt

keep/

kept/

kept

creep/

crept/

crept

kneel/

knelt/

knelt

sweep/

swept/

swept

spell/

spelt/

spelt

weep/

wept/

wept

catch/

caught/

caught

fight/

fought/

fought

teach/

taught/

taught

think/

thought/

thought

stand/

stood/

stood

lay/

laid/

laid

understand/

understood/

understood

pay/

paid/

paid

bleed/

bled/

bled

say/

said/

said

feed/

fed/

fed

stick/

stuck/

stuck

lead/

led/

led

strike/

struck/

struck

meet/

met/

met

tell/

told/

told

learn/

learnt/

learnt

sell/

sold/

sold

learned/

learned

win/

won/

won

burn/

burnt/

burnt

wind/

wound/

wound

burned/

burned

have(has)/

had/

had

deal/

dealt/

dealt

hear/

heard/

heard

mean/

meant/

meant

lean/

leant/

leant

dream/

dreamt/

dreamt

leaned/

leaned

bend/

bent/

bent

shine/

shone/

shone

build/

built/

built

shoot/

shot/

shot

lend/

lent/

lent

show/

showed/

shown

spend/

spent/

spent

/

showed

flee/

fled/

fled

sit/

sat/

sat

speed/

sped/

sped

lose/

lost/

lost

/

speeded/

speeded

dig/

dug/

dug

spit/

spit/

spit

hold/

held/

held

/

spat/

spat

get/

got/

got(AmE

gotten)

bring/

brought/

brought

find/

found/

found

buy/

bought/

bought

make/

made/

made

light/

lit/

lit

/

lighted/

lighted

(5)三者均不同:

drive/

drove/

driven

blow/

blew/

blown

rise/

rose/

risen

fly/

flew/

flown

wake

woke/

woken

grow/

grew/

grown

do/

did/

done

know/

knew/

known

go/

went/

gone

throw/

threw/

thrown

see/

saw/

seen

prove/

proved/

proven

eat/

ate/

eaten

break/

broke/

broken

fall/

fell/

fallen

choose/

chose/

chosen

give,gave

given

freeze/

froze/

frozen

shake/

shook/

shaken

speak/

spoke/

spoken

take/

took/

taken

steal/

stole/

stolen

mistake/

mistook/

mistaken

weave/

wove/

woven

forbid/

forbad/

forbidden

forget/

forgot/

forgotten

begin/

began/

begun

hide/

hid/

hidden

drink/

drank/

drunk

ride/

rode/

ridden

ring/

rang/

rung

swim/

swam/

swum

sing/

sang/

sung

write/

wrote/

written

sink/

sank/

sunk

wear/

wore/

worn

(6)相同动词因其过去式、过去分词有两形式而产生不同词义:

speed过去式、过去分词有两种:

sped/

sped

快行

speeded/

speeded加速

light过去式,过去分词有两种:

lit/

lit

点着(表语)

lighted/

lighted

供电,点燃的(定语)

shine过去式、过去分词有两种:

shone/

shone/

照耀

shined/

shined擦亮

hang过去式、过去分词有两种:

hung/

hung

悬挂

hanged/

hanged绞死

(7)drunken,stricken,sunken已转为形容词常作定语

a~

sot酒鬼

in

a~manner摇摇晃晃地

(8)lie躺卧lay/

lain/

lying(现在分词)

lie

撒谎

lied/

lied/

lying

lay

放,下蛋laid/

laid/

laying

(9)come,become,overcome属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed

(10)fly,blow不是规则变化,但flow(流)是规则变化,过去式、过去分词为flowed,flowed.

(11)

find发现

found

found

found

创建

founded

founded

wind

wound

wound

wound

伤害

wounded

wounded

see

看见

saw

seen

saw

sawed

sawed

bear

作“出生”,

过去分词有两种:born,borne,

borne

用于have之后及带有by的被动句中;

born用于be

born

in/

on/

at中。

作“出生”,以外意义,其形式为bear/

bore/

borne忍受

动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1)

规则变化

情况

例词

读音与说明

动词原形

过去式

过去分词

一般在动词原形后加-ed

look

call

open

need

looked

called

opened

needed

looked

[lukt]

called

[kC:ld]

opened

[5EupEnd]

needed

[ni:did]

①-ed在清辅音音素后

发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]

②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕

后发音为[id]

③但fix的过去式和过去

分词x不双写,为fixed.

以-e结尾的动词加-d

move

phone

hope

agree

moved

phoned

hoped

agreed

moved

[mu:vd]

phoned

[fEund]

hoped

[hEupt]

agreed

[E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,

再加-ed

study

carry

try

studied

studied

carried

studied

[5stQdid]

carried

[5kArid]

tried

[traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed

play

enjoy

stay

played

enjoyed

stayed

played

[pleid]

enjoyed

[in5dVCid]

stayed

[steid]

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed

stop

plan

fit

stopped

planned

fitted

stopped

[stCpt]

planned

[plAnd]

fitted

[5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,

再加-ed

prefer

refer

preferred

referred

preferred

[prI`f:d]

referred

[ri5fE:]

编辑本段

读法:

规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:

1.

在清辅音后读作[t]。如:asked,helped,watched,stopped

2.

在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。如:enjoyed,studied,moved,called

3.

在t

/

d后读作[id]。如:wanted,needed

不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法:

1.

以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put,let—let,cut—cut,beat—beat

2.

以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built,lend—lent,send—sent,spend—spent

3.

以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant,burn—burnt,learn—learnt

4.

以ow

/

aw结尾的词,把ow

/

aw变成ew。如:blow—blew,draw—drew,know—knew,grow—grew

5.

含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,feel—felt,smell—smelt

6.

含有元音字母o

/

i的词,将o

/

i变成a。如:sing—sang,give—gave,sit—sat,drink—drank

篇3:英语I学习笔记第三期-句型转换

英语I学习笔记第三期-句型转换 本文关键词:句型,英语,第三期,学习笔记,转换

英语I学习笔记第三期-句型转换 本文简介:英语I(1)学习笔记——句型变换一、句型变换题型分析l期末考试中“句型变换”部分共有5道题,每题3分,共15分。l句型变换是09年春的新增题型,考查的是对句子结构的构成、变化等方面知识的运用能力。句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面,在做这种题时,应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化,及助动词的用法等。l句

英语I学习笔记第三期-句型转换 本文内容:

英语I(1)学习笔记——句型变换

一、句型变换题型分析

l

期末考试中“句型变换”部分共有5道题,每题3分,共15分。

l

句型变换是09年春的新增题型,考查的是对句子结构的构成、变化等方面知识的运用能力。句型转换涉及到语法知识的各个方面,在做这种题时,应注意时态、语态、人称、数的变化,及助动词的用法等。

l

句型变换的类型主要有三种,分别是肯定句变否定句,陈述句变一般疑问句以及对划线部分提问。

二、常考知识点分析

英语的句子按照用途可以分为四类:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。在英语I(1)的考试中我们只涉及陈述句和疑问句,其中疑问句常考一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。下面我们看一下这几种句子的概念。

句子种类

概念

例句

陈述句

用来说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。其中对事物做出肯定判断的句子叫肯定句;对事物做出否定判断的句子叫否定句。

肯定句:Tom

is

good

at

English.

汤姆英语学得好。

否定句:Tom

is

not

good

at

English.

汤姆不擅长英语。

疑问句

一般疑问句

对一件事情或情况是否真实而提出疑问的句子。

Is

Ann

good

at

math?

安数学学得好吗?

Can

you

play

basketball?

你会打篮球吗?

特殊疑问句

对句子中某一部分进行提问的疑问句。

He

went

to

Beijing

last

week.(对划线部分提问)

When

did

he

go

to

Beijing?

他什么时间去的北京?

常考知识点一:肯定句变否定句

陈述句中的肯定句按照谓语动词的不同分为三类,分别是句中有助动词的、有情态动词的、谓语动词为实意动词的。其变为否定句的规则如下表:

肯定句

转换规则

例句

句中谓语有助动词(be,will/shall,have/has)

在助动词后加not

She

is

my

sister.→She

is

not

my

sister.

她是我的姐姐。→

她不是我的姐姐。

句中谓语有情态动词(can,may,must等)

在情态动词后加not,其中can+

not应写成can’t

You

may

come

here

tomorrow.

→You

may

not

come

here

tomorrow.

你可以明天过来。→你可以明天不过来。

谓语动词为实意动词

在实意动词前加助动词do,does或did的否定形式,即don’t,doesn’t或didn’t(当主语是第三人称单数时加doesn’t)

She

studies

English

at

school.

→She

doesn’t

study

English

at

school.

她在学校学英语。→她在学校不学英语。

【小技巧】

在遇到肯定句变成否定句的情况,首先弄清句子的谓语动词是哪种类型的词,是助动词be,will,have还是情态动词can,may,must,或者是实意动词。是助动词或情态动词的直接在动词后加not,是实意动词的在动词前加don’t,doesn’t或didn’t。

那么在考试中是怎么考这个语法点的呢?一起来看1道历年真题:

1.

I

have

to

work

every

evening.(改为否定句)

(2009年7月真题)

答案:I

don’t

have

to

work

every

evening.

【have

to与must的区别】

must多表示主观意志,是从说话者的角度出发谈必须做某事,而have

to强调客观需要。二者否定式的意义大不相同。have

to的否定式是“don’t

have

to”,表示“不必”;must的否定式是“must

not”,表示“不准”。

例句:

I

must

work

hard.我必须努力学习。

It’s

getting

dark.

I

have

to

go

home.天变黑了,我不得不回家。

分析:原句的意思是“我不得不每天晚上工作。”改为否定句后的汉语意思应该是“我不必每天晚上工作。”这里要求同学们掌握“have

to+动词原形”短语的意思是“不得不”,是实意动词,所以在改为否定句时,应在“have

to”之前加助动词do的否定形式don’t,即I

don’t

have

to

work

every

evening。

上面的三组句式你记住了吗?点击“练一练”完成3道练习题,能帮你记得更快更准,快速掌握考点。还有老师为你提供24小时内回复服务,现在就来试试吧!

学习完这个情景,你是不是有其他更多更好的记忆方法、解题技巧、课程案例或备考窍门呢?你觉得上述内容对你的学习有什么帮助?你有什么建议和评价呢?或者还有什么问题?

请点击“参加学习笔记体验达人活动”,来与大家分享!参加活动就可以获得积分,并兑换实物礼品哦!

常考知识点二:陈述句变一般疑问句

一般疑问句对一件事情或情况是否真实而提出疑问的句子,常用yes或者no来回答。陈述句变为一般疑问句的规则按照谓语动词的不同也分为三种情况:

陈述句

转换规则

例句

句中谓语有助动词(be,will/shall,have/has)

将助动词提到主语的前面

They

will

help

me

with

my

math.

他们将帮助我学数学。

→Will

they

help

you

with

your

math?

他们将帮助你学数学吗?

句中谓语有情态动词(can,may,must等)

将情态动词提到主语的前面

I

can

play

basketball.

我会打篮球。

→Can

you

play

basketball?

你会打篮球吗?

谓语动词为实意动词

用助动词do,does或did,将助动词放在主语之前。用了助动词之后,其后面的谓语动词要用原形。

We

like

our

Chinese

teacher.

我们喜欢我们的语文老师。

→Do

you

like

you

Chinese

teacher?

你们喜欢你们的语文老师吗?

【小技巧】

在遇到陈述句变一般疑问句时,首先弄清句子的谓语动词是哪种类型的词,确定是助动词be,will,have还是情态动词can,may,must,或者是实意动词。如果是助动词或情态动词的直接将位于动态提到主语之前;如是实意动词,在主语之前加助动词do,does或did,后面的谓语动词用原形。

那么在考试中是怎么考这个语法点的呢?一起来看2道历年真题:

1.Xiaoyan

sometimes

goes

to

the

pub

after

work.(改为一般疑问句)

(2009年7月真题)

答案:Does

Xiaoyan

sometimes

go

to

the

pub

after

work?

【小提示】

将陈述句变为一般疑问句之后,要记得将句子最后的句号改为问号。

遇到句中有第一人称代词的,变为一般疑问句时应将第一人称代词改为第二人称代词。即I,we要改为you,而my,our要改为your。

分析:原句意为“小燕有时下班后去酒吧。”分析原句主语是Xiaoyan(人名),谓语动词是实意动词go,因为主语Xiaoyan是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用goes。在变一般疑问句时应在主语之前加助动词Does,并将原句中的谓语动词goes变为原形go。变换之后为“Does

Xiaoyan

sometimes

go

to

the

pub

after

work?”

2.He

s

currently

working

on

TV

advertisements.(改为一般疑问句)

(2009年7月真题)

答案:Is

he

currently

working

on

TV

advertisements?

分析:原句意为“他目前正从事电视广告工作。”原句是现在进行时,句中He’s是“He

is”的缩写,由此我们可知谓语动词是助动词is,变换为一般疑问句时直接将助动词提到主语之前,变为“Is

he

currently

working

on

TV

advertisements?”

上面的三组句式你记住了吗?点击“练一练”完成3道练习题,能帮你记得更快更准,快速掌握考点。还有老师为你提供24小时内回复服务,现在就来试试吧!

学习完这个情景,你是不是有其他更多更好的记忆方法、解题技巧、课程案例或备考窍门呢?你觉得上述内容对你的学习有什么帮助?你有什么建议和评价呢?或者还有什么问题?

请点击“参加学习笔记体验达人活动”,来与大家分享!参加活动就可以获得积分,并兑换实物礼品哦!

常考知识点三:对划线部分提问

对划线部分提问的题目实际是考查将陈述句变为特殊疑问句,特殊疑问句是以特殊疑问词开头,对句子中某一部分进行提问的疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what,who,whose,which,when,where,how,why等。如“What

time

do

you

get

up?”是对时间提问,问“你几点起床?”。

做“对句子划线部分提问”题时,一般有三个步骤:

1.

首先确定与句子划线部分相应的特殊疑问词,并且特殊疑问词代替相应的划线部分。

2.

把特殊疑问词代替划线部分后的句子变成一般疑问句。

【小提示】

如果是对主语提问只要用who替换主语部分就可以了,不用再改动其他的地方。

3.

最后再把特殊疑问词提到句首。

因此,在做题中大家要熟悉各个疑问词都是用来提问什么的,下表是一个对照表,希望大家熟练掌握。

划线部分在句子中的性质

使用的疑问词

例句

对事物名词或谓语动词提问

用What

The

radio

is

on

the

chair.

→What

is

on

the

chair?

收音机在椅子上。→椅子上是什么?

对指人名词或代词提问

用Who,作宾语时用Whom

This

is

my

father

.→Who

is

this?

这是我父亲。→这是谁?

对时间提问

用When

He

went

to

Beijing

last

week.

→When

did

he

go

to

Beijing?

他上周去了北京。→他什么时候北京?

对具体几点提问

用What

time

He

got

up

at

six.

→What

time

did

he

get

up?

他六点起床。→他几点起床?

对时间长度提问

How

long

I’ve

worked

in

that

factory

for

two

years.

→How

long

have

you

worked

in

that

factory?

我已在那个工厂工作两年了。→你在那个工厂工作多长时间了?

对时间频率提问

用How

often

He

goes

to

see

his

grandfather

twice

a

week.

→How

often

does

he

go

to

see

his

grandfather?

他一周去看他爷爷两次。→他多久去看他爷爷一次?

对具体地点提问

用Where

The

pupils

are

having

a

picnic

at

the

foot

of

the

hill.

→Where

are

the

pupils

having

a

picnic?

学生们正在山脚下野餐。→学生们正在哪里野餐?

对表示原因的从句提问

用Why

Xiao

Cheng

didn’t

go

to

the

farm

with

us

because

he

was

ill.

→Why

didn’t

Xiao

Cheng

go

to

the

farm

with

us?

小程没有跟我们一起去农场,因为他病了。→为什么小程没有跟我们一起去农场?

对方式或程度提问

用How

He

goes

to

school

by

bike.

→How

does

he

go

to

school?

他骑自行车去上学。→他怎么去上学?

对数量提问

用how

many或how

much。How

many修饰可数名词复数形式;how

much后跟不可数名词。

There

are

five

people

in

my

family.

→How

many

people

are

there

in

your

family?

我们家有5个人。→你们家有几个人?

There

are

five

bottles

of

water

in

his

bag.

→How

much

water

is

there

in

his

bag?

他包里有5瓶水。→他包里有多少水?

对距离提问

用How

far

It’s

about

two

kilometres

from

here

to

the

country.

→How

far

is

it

from

here

to

the

country?

从这里去乡下约有2公里。→从这里去乡下有多远?

对天气提问

用What’s

the

weather

like?或How

is

the

weather?

It’s

sunny

today.

→What’s

the

weather

like

today?

今天是晴天。→今天天气怎么样?

那么在考试中是怎么考这个语法点的呢?一起来看2道历年真题:

1.She

is

flying

for

Paris

on

Thursday.

(用When对划线部分提问)

(2009年7月真题)

答案:When

is

she

flying

for

Paris?

分析:原句意思是“她周四飞往巴黎。”划线部分是时间,提问要用when,这在试题要求中也给出了提示,要求用疑问词when提问。将When置于句首,后面加一般疑问句“is

she

flying

for

Paris?”即“When

is

she

flying

for

Paris?”

2.The

manager

is

40

years

old.(用how

old对划线部分提问)

(2009年7月真题)

答案:How

old

is

the

manager?

分析:原句意思是“经理40岁了。”划线部分是句子的宾语,对年龄提问用疑问词how

old,将疑问词提前到句首,后加一般疑问句,即“How

old

is

the

manager?”

上面的三组句式你记住了吗?点击“练一练”完成3道练习题,能帮你记得更快更准,快速掌握考点。还有老师为你提供24小时内回复服务,现在就来试试吧!

学习完这个情景,你是不是有其他更多更好的记忆方法、解题技巧、课程案例或备考窍门呢?你觉得上述内容对你的学习有什么帮助?你有什么建议和评价呢?或者还有什么问题?

请点击“参加学习笔记体验达人活动”,来与大家分享!参加活动就可以获得积分,并兑换实物礼品哦!

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