艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文关键词:艾森豪威尔,诺曼底,演讲稿,三篇,分析
艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文简介:艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿1、OrderoftheDay反攻动员令Soldiers,sailors,andairmenoftheAlliedExpeditionaryForce(联合远征军,指参与诺曼底登陆行动的美英加法及自由欧洲联军),youareabouttoembark(双关,这个词既有上
艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿分析 本文内容:
艾森豪威尔在诺曼底的三篇演讲稿
1、
Order
of
the
Day
反攻动员令
Soldiers,sailors,and
airmen
of
the
Allied
Expeditionary
Force
(联合远征军,指参与诺曼底登陆行动的美英加法及自由欧洲联军),you
are
about
to
embark(双关,这个词既有上飞机和上船的意思也有开始的意思)
upon
the
great
crusade
towards
which
we
have
striven(力求,因为为了此次行动,联军进行了大量的前期工作,直接相关
霸王行动the
Overlord
Action
的准备就持续数月)
these
many
months.
The
eyes
of
the
world
are
upon
you,the
hopes
and
prayers
of
liberty-loving
people
everywhere
march
with
you.
In
company
with
our
brave
allies
and
brothers
in
arms
on
other
fronts(此处指前线的意思,因为这是反法西斯战争的一部分,实际上还有其它多个战场),you
will
bring
about
the
destruction
of
the
German
war
machine.
The
elimination(消除,消灭)
of
Nazi
tyranny
over
the
oppressed
people
of
Europe,and
security
for
ourselves
in
a
free
world.
Your
task
will
not
be
an
easy
one.
Your
enemy
is
well
trained,well
equipped,and
battle
hardened.
He
will
fight
savagely.
But
this
is
the
year
1944!
Much
has
happened
since
the
Nazi
triumphs(凯旋,胜利,纳粹在1940-41年间在欧洲迅速扩张,并占领了法国——诺曼底登陆的发生地)
of
1940-41.
The
united
nations
have
inflicted
upon
the
Germans
great
defeats
in
open
battle,men-to-men.
Our
air
offensive(此处为名词,即攻势的意思)
have
seriously
reduced
their
strength
in
the
air
and
their
capacity
to
wage
war
on
the
ground.
Our
home
fronts
have
given
us
an
overwhelming
superiority
in
weapons
and
ammunitions(原意为军需品,这种用法在现在英语中已经被废除,而专指弹药,但如此解释则与之前提到的武器弹药的准备重复了)
of
war
and
placed
at
our
disposal,great
reserves
of
trained
fighting
men.
The
tide
has
turned!
the
free
men
of
the
world
are
marching
together
to
victory!
I
have
full
confidence
in
your
courage,devotion
to
duty
and
skill
in
battle.
We
will
accept
nothing
less
than
full
victory!
Good
luck
and
let
us
all
beseech(祈求)
the
blessing
of
almighty
God
upon
this
great
and
noble
undertaking.
各位联合远征军的海陆空战士们:你们马上就要踏上征程去进行一场伟大的圣战,为此我们已精心准备了数月。全世界的目光都注视着你们,各地热爱和平的人们的期望与祈祷伴随着你们。
你们将与其他战线上的英勇盟军及兄弟一起并肩战斗,摧毁德国的战争机器。推翻压在欧洲人民身上的纳粹暴政,保卫我们在一个自由世界的安全。
这是一个艰巨的任务。你们的敌人训练有素,装备精良,久经沙场。他们肯定会负隅顽抗。
但是现在是1944年。与纳粹1940、41年连连取胜时大不相同。联合国在正面战场予以德军迎头痛击空军削弱了德军的空中力量和陆上战斗能力;后方弹药充足、武器精良、部署得当、后备力量丰富。潮流已经逆转,全世界自由的人们正在一起向胜利迈进。
我对你们的勇敢、责任心和作战技巧充满了信心,我们迎接的只会是彻底的胜利!
祝你们好运,并让我们祈求万能的上帝祝福这伟大而崇高的事业获得成功。
总体分析:
艾森豪威尔的此次命令是经过多种方式传达的,其中就包含在战前动员演说中,故该条命令可以被视为一次演讲。
文稿中,艾森豪威尔对联军全体参战人员表达了充分的敬意与信心。他实事求是地分析了战争的形势,回顾了战争的艰难时刻,并以充分的理由论证了胜利的天平已经倒向己方。
这些语句使联军将士意识到了特殊的历史使命感,并对战争的前景充满了希望。它起到了巨大的鼓舞士气的作用,帮助了作战的胜利。
上面的文件影印本来自艾森豪威尔在战前签署的命令终稿。
上面的文件影印本来自1944年6月6日联合远征军的印发命令原件。
2、
Broadcast
After
Action
登陆胜利广播
A
landing
was
made
this
morning
on
the
coast
of
France
by
troops
of
the
Allied
Expeditionary
Force.
This
landing
is
part
of
the
concerted
United
Nations’
plan
for
the
liberation
of
Europe,made
in
conjunction(联合,诺曼底登陆旨在开辟除苏德战场之外的欧洲第二战场)
with
our
great
Russian
allies.
今天早晨的时候,我们的联合远征军成功地在法国沿岸实施了登陆行动。此次行动是包括我们伟大的盟友苏联在内的多国解放欧洲的计划的一部分。
I
have
this
message
for
all
of
you.
Although
the
initial
assault(攻击,此次广播的目标包含了法国等欧洲西部地区)
may
not
have
been
made
in
your
own
country,the
hour
of
your
liberation
is
approaching.
我向你们传达这样一条信息,即:尽管最初的攻击也许还未能完全解放你的祖国,但你们重新迎来自由的日子已经不远了。
All
patriots,men
and
women,young
and
old,have
a
part
to
play
in
the
achievement
of
final
victory.
To
members
of
resistance
movements(抵抗运动,二战德国占领区中的人们在纳粹的统治下依然进行着不间断的抵抗侵略的活动),I
say,“Follow
the
instructions
you
have
received.”
To
patriots
who
are
not
members
of
organized
resistance
groups,I
say,“Continue
your
passive
resistance,but
do
not
needlessly
endanger
your
lives
until
I
give
you
the
signal
to
rise
and
strike
the
enemy.
The
day
will
come
when
I
shall
need
your
united
strength.”
Until
that
day,I
call
on
you
for
the
hard
task
of
discipline
and
restraint(磨练与克制,指希望抵抗组织不要焦急,应在等待时机成熟的过程中保持克制).
全体爱国者们,无论男女老少,都对最终的胜利居功至伟。而对于抵抗运动的成员们,我想对你们说:“遵照你们得到的信息行动。”对于那些还未组织起来的爱国者们,我想对你们说:“继续积极地抗争,但不要用你们的生命去冒无意义的风险,直到我向你们发出起来打击敌人的命令。到那时,我们将需要您的力量加入我们。”而在那之前,我请求你们一项艰难的任务,即保持不断的训练与克制。
Citizens
of
France!
I
am
proud
to
have
again
under
my
command
the
gallant
Forces
of
France.
Fighting
beside
their
Allies,they
will
play
a
worthy
part
in
the
liberation
of
their
Homeland.
法国人民!我为能够领导英勇的法国军队感到骄傲。他们与盟友们并肩作战,并将在解放家乡的行动中扮演重要角色。
Because
the
initial
landing
has
been
made
on
the
soil
of
your
country,I
repeat
to
you
with
even
greater
emphasis
my
message
to
the
peoples
of
other
occupied
countries
in
Western
Europe.
Follow
the
instructions
of
your
leaders.
A
premature(不成熟的,此处仍在强调正确时机的重要性)
uprising
of
all
Frenchmen
may
prevent
you
from
being
of
maximum
help
to
your
country
in
the
critical
hour.
Be
patient.
Prepare!
我们在你们的国土上完成了最初的登陆,我向其它西欧被占领国家的国民们更加强调我的讯息。遵照你们的领导者行动,在时机不成熟的时候采取行动,会使你们错失帮助祖国的最佳时机。请耐心做好准备!
As
Supreme
Commander
of
the
Allied
Expeditionary
Force,there
is
imposed
on
me
the
duty
and
responsibility
of
taking
all
measures
necessary
to
the
prosecution(执行)
of
the
war.
Prompt
and
willing
obedience(遵照)
to
the
orders
that
I
shall
issue
is
essential.
作为联军的最高指挥官,我有责任在战役的执行中贯彻一切必要的手段。遵照我必须施行的那些命令。
Effective
civil
administration
of
France
must
be
provided
by
Frenchmen.
All
persons
must
continue
in
their
present
duties
unless
otherwise
instructed.
Those
who
have
made
common
cause
with(敌人建立共同的主张,即通敌,背叛祖国)
the
enemy
and
so
betrayed
their
country
will
be
removed.
As
France
is
liberated
from
her
oppressors,you
yourselves
will
choose
your
representatives,and
the
government
under
which
you
wish
to
live.
法国的内务必须由法国人来打理。我们全体都要执行当前的任务,除非被赋予新的命令。那些与敌人站到一起而背叛自己祖国的人将被消灭。法国从压迫中解放,你们自己也要做出选择,决定你们要为哪个政府效力。
In
the
course
of
this
campaign(战役,这是指解放欧洲的战役)
for
the
final
defeat
of
the
enemy
you
may
sustain
further
loss
and
damage.
Tragic
though
they
may
be,they
are
part
of
the
price
of
victory.
I
assure
you
that
I
shall
do
all
in
my
power
to
mitigate(减轻)
your
hardships.
I
know
that
I
can
count
on
your
steadfastness
now,no
less
than
in
the
past.
The
heroic
deeds
of
Frenchmen
who
have
continued
the
struggle
against
the
Nazis
and
their
Vichy
satellites,in
France
and
throughout
the
French
Empire,have
been
an
example
and
an
inspiration
to
all
of
us.
在解放并走向最终胜利的进程中,我们也许要遭受更多的损失与毁灭。虽然这些令人伤感,但也是胜利的一部分。我向你们保证我将尽我所能减轻你们的困境。我知道我现在需要你们坚定的支持,正如过去一样。在整个法国坚持与纳粹斗争的法国人民的英雄事迹为我们树立了榜样,并激励着我们全体。
This
landing
is
but
the
opening
phase
of
the
campaign
in
Western
Europe.
Great
battles
lie
ahead.
I
call
upon
all
who
love
freedom
to
stand
with
us.
Keep
your
faith
staunch(坚定的,忠实的)
-
our
arms
are
resolute
-
together
we
shall
achieve
victory.
此次登陆作战仅仅是西欧解放的斗争的开始。大战在即,我呼唤全体热爱自由的人们与我们并肩而立,坚持你们对我们坚决的军队的坚定的新任,我们必将共同迎接胜利的到来。
总体分析:
艾森豪威尔的此次广播演讲作于1940年6月6日诺曼底登陆当天,在获悉前线胜利捷报传来的时候,通过广播,艾森豪威尔将这消息与对军队及抵抗者的期望传达到了欧洲。
作为联军最高指挥官,艾森豪威尔并没有半点提到自己的功绩,而是在开首就对全体参战部队提出了热情的褒奖。即使是苏德战场上的同盟苏联也被多次提到,却从未提到过自己。接下来就提到了欧洲大陆的抵抗组织,艾森豪威尔并没有被胜利冲昏头脑,反而冷静地要求这些战友们等待合适的时机来共同行动。可以说,其中提到的所有决策都是基于理性思考而做出的。
全文处处展现着艾森豪威尔的谦恭、自信与冷静。
3、In
Case
of
Failure
失利备用讲稿
Our
landings
in
the
Cherbourg-Havre
area
have
failed
and
I
have
withdrawn
the
troops.
My
decision
to
attack
at
this
time
and
place
was
based
on
the
best
information
available.
The
troops,the
air
and
the
Navy
did
all
that
bravery
and
devotion
could
do.
If
any
blame
or
fault
attaches
to
the
attempt
it
is
mine
alone.
我们在瑟堡至勒阿弗尔的登陆行动未能取得立足点,我已经撤回了部队。
我决定在这个时候攻击这个地方是基于获得的最好情报。
登陆部队、空军和海军都非常英勇并且献身于他们担负的任务。如果要责备这次行动或任何人,请责备我。”
总体分析:
这是艾森豪威尔写于登陆日前夕的失利备用讲稿,是随手记在一张废纸上的,一旦6日的行动失利,当晚的广播内容就是这个。与前一篇实际上的广播稿相比,我们可以看到,在前一篇中,胜利的荣誉归于全体,而在这里,失败的责任艾森豪威尔准备一人承担。难以想象他写下这些词句的时候在想什么。但是,我们对此,已经无需多言。
上面的文件影印本来自6月5日艾森豪威尔的亲笔稿,末尾的7月5日是笔误。